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oral vs intranasal

Fast onset of action and the analgesic and sedative efficacy of essential oil from Rhizoma Chuanxiong after nasal administration. Pharmazie. 2010

  • Chuanxiong had faster onset of action as well as better analgesic and sedative efficacy after i.n. administration than given orally.

  • Oil was collected from the condenser, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the recorded yield of the sample was 0.25%

Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of styrax after oral and intranasal administration in mice. Pharm Biol. 2011

  • styrax had faster onset of action (5 vs. 30 min) and better anticonvulsant efficacy (25, 50 vs. 100, 200 mg/kg) by intranasal route in comparison with that by intragastric route.
  • vehicle (3% Tween 80) 
  • Locomotor activity 
    • Locomotor activity was determined in each mouse after extract administration. 
    • Prior to assay, mice were placed into a locomotor monitoring cage and allowed to habituate to the cage for 5min (0–5min after the administration). 
    • Each mouse was monitored for 1h. 
    • Data were expressed as number of movements (5–60min) for 10 mice for each group. 
  • #sedative(진정), #hypnotic(최면), and #anticonvulsant(경련) effects using locomotor activity evaluation, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsion, respectively.
  • #안식향

Intranasal drugs for analgesia and sedation in children admitted to pediatric emergency department: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2021 

  • #pediatric #emergency
  • midazolam, fentanyl, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine. 
  • To provide analgesia and anxiolysis to children 

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Heracleum persicum essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract in animal models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009

  • #Essential oil #hydroalcoholic extracts 
  • In carrageenan test  Heracleum persicum essential oil (HPEO) at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg and Heracleum persicum hydroalcoholic extract (HPHE) at a dose of 400 mg/kg induced a significant reduction of paw edema.

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